Knee replacement surgery, or arthroplasty, is performed to replace a damaged knee joint with an artificial one, relieving pain and restoring mobility. Typically recommended for severe arthritis or injuries, recovery involves movement, physical therapy, and gradual strengthening to regain full function.

Most patients begin walking on the day of surgery to promote healing and prevent stiffness. Pain management techniques, such as medication or nerve blocks, help control discomfort during the initial recovery period. Assistive devices like canes or walkers provide additional support as mobility improves.

Rehabilitation starts immediately and continues after hospital discharge. A physiotherapist assesses mobility and determines the best recovery plan, which may involve:
• Daily therapy at an in-patient rehabilitation facility
• At-home therapy with a visiting physiotherapist
• Outpatient therapy sessions at a rehab centre

Outpatient therapy offers access to specialised equipment, while at-home therapy provides convenience. Most patients attend therapy three times a week and perform additional exercises independently. The frequency of sessions may decrease as progress is made.
Recovery exercises focus on improving balance, strengthening muscles, and increasing flexibility. Balance training may include standing on one leg, walking heel to toe, or catching a ball while balancing. Strengthening the quadriceps is crucial, as these muscles stabilise the knee and support mobility. A common exercise involves pressing the back of the knee into the floor while contracting the quadriceps to improve strength and flexibility.

Regaining a full range of motion is another key goal. Exercises like seated leg extensions help bend and straighten the knee, preventing stiffness. Without regular movement, muscles and tendons can tighten, making future correction more difficult. By week seven, most patients should be able to bend their knee at least 120 degrees while following any movement restrictions set by their surgeon.

Returning to regular activities depends on individual progress. Many patients resume high-impact exercises, while others transition to lower-impact activities like swimming or cycling to protect the longevity of the knee replacement. Discussing post-recovery goals with a healthcare provider can help determine the best approach for long-term joint health. With proper rehabilitation and consistency, most individuals regain mobility and return to an active lifestyle.